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Ang Sektor ng Agrikultura

Malaking bahagi ng ekonomiya ay nakadepende sa sektor ng agrikultura. Sinasabing ito ang  nagtataguyod sa malaking bahagdan ng ekonomiy...

Malaking bahagi ng ekonomiya ay nakadepende sa sektor ng agrikultura. Sinasabing ito ang 
nagtataguyod sa malaking bahagdan ng ekonomiya dahil ang lahat ng sektor ay umaasa sa agrikultura upang matugunan ang pangangailangan sa pagkain at mga hilaw na sangkap na kailangan sa produksiyon.
Nahahati angsektor ng agrikultura sa paghahalaman (farming), paghahayupan (livestock), pangingisda (fishery), at paggugubat (forestry).
           Paghahalaman. Maraming mga pangunahing pananim ang bansa tulad ng palay, mais, niyog, tubo, saging, pinya, kape, mangga, tabako, at abaka. Ang mga pananim na ito ay karaniwang kinokonsumo sa loob at labas ng bansa. Ayon sa National Statistical Coordination Board(NSCB), tinatayang umabot ang kabuuang kita ng sekondaryang sektor na ito sa Php797.731 bilyon noong 2012. Ito ay nagmula sa mga produktong palay, mais, at iba pang pangunahing pananim ng Pilipinas. Kasama rin dito ang produksiyon ng gulay, halamanggubat, at halamang mayaman sa hibla (fiber). Gayundin ang mani, kamoteng kahoy, kamote, bawang, sibuyas, kamatis, repolyo, talong, at kalamansi.

           Paghahayupan. Ang paghahayupan naman ay binubuo ng pag-aalaga ng kalabaw, baka, kambing,baboy, manok, pato at iba pa. Ang paghahayupan ay nakatutulong sa pag-supply ng ating mga pangangailangan sakarne at iba pang pagkain. Ang paghahayupan ay gawaing pangkabuhayang kinabibilangan ng ating mga tagapag-alaga ng hayop. Mayroon ding mga pribadong korporasyon na nasa ganitong hanapbuhay.
           Pangingisda. Itinuturing ang Pilipinas bilang isa sa mga pinakamalaking tagatustos ng isda sa buong mundo. Isa sa pinakamalalaking daungan ng mga huling isda ay matatagpuan sa ating bansa. Samantala, ang pangingisda ay nauuri sa tatlo - komersiyal, munisipal at aquaculture. Ang komersyal na pangingisda ay tumutukoy sa uri ng pangingisdang gumagamit ng mga bangka na may kapasidad na hihigit sa tatlong tonelada para sa mga gawaing pangkalakalan o pagnenegosyo. Sakop ng operasyon ay 15 kilometro sa labas ng nasasakupan ng pamahalaang bayan.Ang munisipal na pangingisda ay nagaganap sa loob ng 15 kilometro sakop ng munisipyo at gumagamit ng bangka na may kapasidad na tatlong tonelada o mas mababa pa na hindi nangangailangan na gumamit ng mga fishing vessel. Ang pangisdang aquaculture naman ay tumutukoy sa pag-aalaga at paglinang ng mga isda at iba pang uri nito mula sa iba’t ibang uri ng tubig pangisdaan - fresh (tabang), brackish (maalat-alat) at marine (maalat) (BOI, 2011). Sa mga ito, ang aquaculture ang pinakamalaki ang naitala sa kabuuang produksiyon ng pangisdaan na umabot sa Php92,289.9 bilyon noong 2012. Kasunod nito ang pangisdaang munisipal na may Php79,527.4 bilyon at komersyal na may Php65,894.2 bilyon. Bahagi din ng gawaing pangingisda ay ang panghuhuli ng hipon, sugpo, at pag-aalaga ng mga damong dagat na ginagamit sa paggawa ng gulaman.
Paggugubat. Ang paggugubat ay isang pangunahing pang-ekonomikong gawain sa sektor ng agrikultura. Patuloy na nililinang ang ating mga kagubatan bagamat tayo ay nahaharap sa suliranin ng pagkaubos ng mga yaman nito. Mahalaga itong pinagkukunan ng plywood, tabla, troso, at veneer. Bukod sa mga nabanggit na produkto, pinagkakakitaan din ang rattan, nipa, anahaw, kawayan, pulot-pukyutan at dagta ng almaciga.
Makikita sa Talahanayan 2 ang natamong kita ng sektor ng agrikultura para sa taong 2012. Batay rito, ang 50% ng kabuuang ani ay mula sa iba’t ibang tanim kung saan ang may pinakamataas na bahagdan ay palay na nasa 20%. Samantala, nasa 6% naman ang pinagsama-samang dami ng tubo, mangga, at pinya. Ang paghahayupan naman ay nakapagtala ng 13% kung saan ang pagmamanukan ay may 11% na bahagi. Sa aspeto naman ng pangisdaan, mayroong 19% na kinita para sa nasabing taon.
Sa kabuuan, nakapag-ambag ang sektor ng agrikultura ng Php1,247 bilyon (current prices) sa buong GDP ng bansa (Php10,565 B). Ito ay malaking bagay sa Pilipinas na may malaking populasyon at umaasa sa bigas at pagkaing nagmula sa tubig at pagsasaka. 



GNI (at current prices):
Php12,609 billion
    (at constant 2000 prices):
Php  7,497 billion
GDP (at current prices):
Php10,565 billion
    (at constant 2000 prices):
Php  6,312 billion
Share of agriculture in GDP
11 %
GVA in agriculture and fishing

     (at current prices):
Php 1,247 billion
     (at constant 2000 prices):
Php    695 billion
Distribution by sub-sector:
Crops:  50%: 

palay 20% , corn 6%, coconut  4%, banana 5%    sugarcane 2%, mango 2%, pineapple 2%,  others  9%

Livestock: 13%

Poultry: 11%

Fishery: 19%

Agricultural activities and services : 7%

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Techpopop: Ang Sektor ng Agrikultura
Ang Sektor ng Agrikultura
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